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Lycosa tarantula
''Lycosa tarantula'' is the species originally known as the tarantula, a name that nowadays commonly refers to spiders in another family entirely, Theraphosidae. It now may be better called the tarantula wolf spider, being in the wolf spider family, the Lycosidae. ''Lycosa tarantula'' is a large species found in southern Europe, especially in the Apulia region of Italy and near the city of Taranto, from which it gets its name.〔The American Heritage Dictionary, 4th Ed.(2009), Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Company. "(Latin, from Old Italian ''tarantola'', after . )"〕
Historical superstition has it that the spider's bite can produce severe symptoms called tarantism.
==Description==
These spiders are rather large, the females being as large as 30 mm (1.18 in.) in body length and the males around 19 mm (0.75 in.). As with other wolf spiders, the silken sac containing over one hundred eggs is carried attached to the mother's spinnerets, and then after they hatch the baby spiders climb on their mother's abdomen and ride around with her for some time until they are sufficiently mature to survive on their own.〔 (The picture that accompanies this article shows a mother transporting her large brood.) After leaving their mother's protection, the young spiders disperse and dig burrows. Females live in their burrows all their lives except for nocturnal forays to capture prey,〔 but the mature males leave the protection of burrows and wander about looking for mates. The males can live for two years, and they die some time after reaching sexual maturity. The females can live for four years or more. During the winter these spiders hibernate in their burrows.
They are a nocturnal species and generally lurk at the mouths of their burrows waiting for prey, so it is unlikely that people would encounter them. Unlike the Salticidae (Jumping spiders), which may exhibit curiosity about humans and may be content to wander around on one's hand, the Lycosidae (wolf spiders) have a very strong tendency to flee at the approach of any large animal. They have quite good eyesight, so it is unlikely that a human could approach them unseen, and it is relatively difficult to capture them because they keep moving and can run very fast. It is unlikely that humans could come in unintentional contact with them. When wolf spiders are cornered, they show no inclination to make threat displays, much less to advance on a human's hand with the intention of biting.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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